Meaning, objective and methods of job analysis best 1 answer

Describe job analysis in detail. And give the techniques and methods of job analysis.

Meaning of Job Analysis:-

Job analysis is a systematic study of knowing the nature and of the people to be employed on the various jobs. This process contains essential facts regarding jobs as well as their analysis. Let us know the meaning of job analysis by its definition.

DEFINITION OF JOB ANALYSIS

According to Edwin B. Flippo, “The Job analysis is the method of process of studying and probing as well as collecting information relating to the operations and responsibilities of a particular job.

From the above definition describes that job analysis is a process through which duties and responsibilities are defined and the information of various factors concerned with the jobs are probed, then such information is collected and compiled to ascertain the nature of work, qualities of persons to be employed on job, position of job and authorities to be given on the job. However, job analysis can be done after the job has been designed and when someone has been doing it.

Data Needs to be analysed on the job

• Job Identification
• Nature of the job
• Operations involved in doing the job
• Material and tools are required to the concerned job
• Personal qualities required to do the job
• Relation of the job with others concerned jobs in the organisation

Objectives of Job Analysis

There are some objectives of the job analysis are as following :

1. Work makes to simple 
2. Established of standards of performance
3. Support to other personnel activities

(1). Work Makes to simple:-

A job is analysed for the purpose of making a work simple and process as well as method involved in it. So it also involves redesigning the job. Work simplification helps to improve the productivity of personnel.

(2).  Establishment of standards of performance:-

Personnel are hired on the basis of scientific basis. So it is required to determine in advance a standard of performance with which applicants can be compared. So this standard must establish the minimum acceptable quality necessary for the effective performance of the job duties and responsibilities. Thus, such a standard will be established with the help of job analysis only.

(3). Support to the personnel activities:-

Job analysis support to the personnel activities such as recruitment, selection, training, development, performance appraisal and job evaluation etc. methods of job analysis.

TECHNIQUES AND METHODS OF JOB ANALYSIS 

Job analysis is mainly concerned with the data collection process. When the job analysis process is run the following techniques are followed. These are two types of methods.

QUALITATIVE METHOD

QUANTITATIVE METHOD

QUALITATIVE METHOD

These are the following methods as

Questionnaire Method 

Observation Method

Interview

Record

Critical Incidents

Job Performance

(1). QUESTIONNAIRE:- In this method job analysts prepare detailed questions. Then such questions are answered by the workers as per their best knowledge and belief. In this method employee\’s cooperation can be achieved easily by explaining the full program in detail to the representative of employees.

However, this method is not satisfactory because some employees don\’t complete the question as well as furnish incorrect information because of their own limitations.

(2). OBSERVATION METHOD:- In this method information is collected throughout the observation of the work performed along with the discussion with the supervisor of the job. During the collection of information analysts can ask some questions regarding the job from the workers on the job. Thus, essential information can be gathered by using this method.

However, this method can be used on such a type of work which can be simple and repetitive in nature.

(3). INTERVIEW METHOD:- In this method some questions are asked on the face of workers regarding various jobs which are performed by him. Then information is collected. In this method the supervisor of the workers is also present in the interview. Who helps workers to produce correct information before the analyst. Interview is a method of job analysis which compares the both methods as questionnaire and observation for the data collected by the analyst.

Thus, this is a method of discussion in which crosscheck information is transferred between workers, supervisor and analyst. In this method present position is considered before the analyst rather than holding any position on his work. Methods of job analysis 

(4). Record Method:- In this method an analyst can collect information through the record book. Which book is maintained by the personnel department for the employees.

However, this method is not pure for providing information because it lacks information about relationships, tools, accessories used and work conditions in the organisation. Methods of job analysis 

(5). Critical Incidents:- This method involves that job workers are asked to describe incidents concerning the job of past experience on which they performed their work. These incidents then analysed and classified as per the job areas. An effective and ineffective behaviour of workers on the job can be found out by considering actual requirements of the job. Methods of job analysis 

However, this method is time consuming. As this method requires a high degree of skill of an analyst to dig out clear information. Methods of job analysis 

(6). Job Performance:- In this method an analyst has to go through the job for self experience. Then he is able to collect required information concerning the job. In which he faces the actual taste, physical and social demands and the environment of the job.

However,  Approaches of this method are not appropriate and determined under any rule and regulations. Thus, this method is applied to jobs where skill requirements are low and can be learnt easily. But, it is also a time consuming process. Methods of job analysis

QUANTITATIVE METHODS of job analysis 

There are some job quantitative analysis methods :

Position analysis Questionnaire

Management Position Description Questionnaire

Functional Job Analysis

(1). Position analysis Questionnaire:- The position analysis questionnaire is a type of structured job analysis questionnaire. These questions are structured by those analysts who are already acquainted with a particular job. This method represents approximately 194 items of elements whether these play or not play important roles. Thus, in this method there are six sections which involve this method. As Methods of job analysis 

• Information Input :- Where and how do workers get information to do their jobs? ( 35 elements )
• Mental Processes:- What reasoning, planning, organising and decision making is done?  ( 15 Elements )
• Work Output :- What physical activities, tools and machines are used? ( 49 Elements )
• Relationship:- What type of contact with other people, both in the company and outside of it is maintained or developed?  ( 36 Elements )
• Job Context:- What is the physical and Social Context in which the job is performed?     ( 19 Elements )
• Other Job Characteristics:- What other activities, conditions or characteristics not covered by other categories are relevant?(40 Elements)

(2). Management Position Description Questionnaire:- MPDQ is an instrument which analyses managerial jobs. Almost it takes 2 hours to complete the questionnaire. In some cases candidates are asked to state how important each item is to the position. There are some terms which are considered following –

• Product, Marketing and financial strategy planning
• Coordination of other organisational units and personnel
• Internal Business control
• Products and services responsibility
• Public and customer relations
• Advanced consulting
• Autonomy of actions
• Approval of financial commitments
• Staff services
• Supervision
• Complexity and stress
• Advanced Financial Responsibility

(3). Functional Job Analysis:- It describes the whole person who is on the job. It contains the data, people and things.

There are four other dimensions which are rated under this method.

• This analysis determines which specific instructions are necessary to perform the task.
• The extent to which reasoning and judgement are required to perform the task.
• In this method mathematics ability is required to perform the task.
• The verbal and language required to perform the task.

Functional job analysis then identifies performance standards and training requirements. FJA, therefore lets you answer the question “To do this task and meet these standards, what training does the workers require?” Methods of job analysis 

However, this Method is used in government jobs. It provides a quantitative score for each job. So this method helps in fixing wage rates and in developing employees succession plans. Training in its use may be considered an amount of money. Methods of job analysis 

Conclusion:-

Thus job analysis is a process to collect information concerned with the operations and responsibility for a specific job.  There are two types of methods by which a job analysis process can be incurred. As qualitative and quantitative as per the requirements of the job. If you need information concerning the qualitative, then a qualitative method of job analysis is applicable. Otherwise a second quantitative method will be applied. Methods of job analysis 

FAQ

Which Method to follow?

As we discussed many methods of job analysis. Because information may be obtained from individual workers, from groups and from supervisors as well as from observation of the job analysis. However, the choice of the method of job analysis depends upon the purpose to be served by the data.

Thus, there is no certain method to conduct a job analysis. Sometimes during the job analysis quantitative approach should be supported by a qualitative approach. Methods of job analysis 

Note:-

Essential concerned question answer:- You must also study these types of questions. These are following

• What are the benefits of life insurance?
• What is the need for financial planning? Methods of job analysis 

Suggestion:-

When you feel tired on the way to study you can read love laden poetry as per your interest from the given category for the purpose of refreshing your mind. Methods of job analysis 

Methods of job analysis